The founding members of the EI's Cultural Evolution Society were surveyed to identify the major scientific questions and ‘grand challenges’ currently facing the study of cultural evolution. They present the results and discuss the implications for an emergent synthesis in the study of culture based on Darwinian principles.[button open_new_tab="true" color="accent-color" hover_text_color_override="#fff" size="medium" url="http://www.nature.com/articles/s41559-017-0070" text="Read more on nature.com" color_override=""]